Java Script Design Pattern

  • Module
  • Prototype
  • Observer
  • Singleton
https://scotch.io/bar-talk/4-javascript-design-patterns-you-should-know

Locality of reference

In computer sciencelocality of reference, also known as the principle of locality,[1] is a term for the phenomenon in which the same values, or related storage locations, are frequently accessed, depending on the memory access pattern. There are two basic types of reference locality – temporal and spatial locality. Temporal locality refers to the reuse of specific data, and/or resources, within a relatively small time duration. Spatial locality refers to the use of data elements within relatively close storage locations. Sequential locality, a special case of spatial locality, occurs when data elements are arranged and accessed linearly, such as, traversing the elements in a one-dimensional array.
Locality is merely one type of predictable behavior that occurs in computer systems. Systems that exhibit strong locality of reference are great candidates for performance optimization through the use of techniques such as the cachingprefetching for memory and advanced branch predictors at the pipelining stage of a processor core.

HTML and XHTML

HTML is HTML written as XML.

What Is XHTML?

  • XHTML stands for EXtensible HyperText Markup Language
  • XHTML is almost identical to HTML
  • XHTML is stricter than HTML
  • XHTML is HTML defined as an XML application
  • XHTML is supported by all major browsers

Why XHTML?

Many pages on the internet contain "bad" HTML.
This HTML code works fine in most browsers (even if it does not follow the HTML rules):
<html>
<head>
  <title>This is bad HTML</title>

<body>
  <h1>Bad HTML
  <p>This is a paragraph
</body>
Today's market consists of different browser technologies. Some browsers run on computers, and some browsers run on mobile phones or other small devices. Smaller devices often lack the resources or power to interpret "bad" markup.
XML is a markup language where documents must be marked up correctly (be "well-formed").
If you want to study XML, please read our XML tutorial.
XHTML was developed by combining the strengths of HTML and XML.
XHTML is HTML redesigned as XML.

The Most Important Differences from HTML:

Document Structure

  • XHTML DOCTYPE is mandatory
  • The xmlns attribute in <html> is mandatory
  • <html>, <head>, <title>, and <body> are mandatory

XHTML Elements

  • XHTML elements must be properly nested
  • XHTML elements must always be closed
  • XHTML elements must be in lowercase
  • XHTML documents must have one root element

XHTML Attributes

  • Attribute names must be in lower case
  • Attribute values must be quoted
  • Attribute minimization is forbidden

Counters